Archive for 2010

Practice-based design research of learning tools

Friday, June 11th, 2010

When people ask me what is my research about I often get nervous. Depending a bit about the person asking, I may reply that my research is about educational technology, e-learning research, computer-supported collaborative learning, use of computers in teaching and learning, social media and learning, new media and learning, Web and mobile things in learning etc. All this is true, but I also feel that with these answers I am loosing something essential.

I feel uncomfortable to define my research with these concepts. Sometimes I even end-up to explain that our research is kind of “e-learning research” but we do it differently. This get people very confused.

On the other hand, when you do not know the background of the person asking — that is often the case — one must use terms and concepts you expect them to be familiar with. Still, I would like to be precise but also present the special characters of our work.

Within the learning environments research group we have before define ourselves that we are “theory-based, design-oriented”. That is a nice motto and even some kind of description. That tells a bit what we do and how we do it. The difficulty to tell “how we” do it has been a challenge.

Recently I have used the phrase: Practice-based design research of learning tools. I think it has everything what I do. Simple. I do “design research”, with a methodological approach relying on “practice”. My object of design research are learning tools.

Now you know.

LeMill: 12 329 teachers creating and sharing open educational resources on an Open Source platform

Thursday, June 3rd, 2010

LeMill is a web community for finding, authoring and sharing open educational resources.

Today in LeMill there are over 12 000 teachers and other learning content creators. The site has over 11 000 learning content resources and over 6 000 descriptions of teaching and learning methods and tools in over 30 languages.

With these numbers LeMill is one of the world largest community of open educational resources. The LeMill’s what’s going on -stream shows how active the site is.

LeMill is, however, a classical example of “long tail”. The head, the majority of the community members, come from Georgia (the country, not the US state) and Estonia. Actually, it is fair to say that the only communities with the critical mass are Georgian and Estonian communities.

This year we have noticed that pulling more language communities to the head is extremely difficult. For instance, among Finnish teachers we have worked hard to bring them to LeMill. The results are poor.

We may think why Finnish or English speaking teachers have not found LeMill interesting or useful. There are, for sure, socio-cultural reasons and structural obstacles. No more about them. In addition to these, there are also many design issues. As the designers of LeMill, these are things we may change.

Here is my list of LeMill design issues, we should work with:

1. Connections with Web 2.0/social networking services
We have some cool content in LeMill that do not move because we do not have any “share this” –tools in the site. For instance, I am sure some people could share some english listening comprehension exercise with their friends with Facebook. With all the content in LeMill we could simply use share this or something similar to the sexybookmarks Word Press plug-in.

2. Re-designing (Web 2.0) the appearance of the site
LeMill’s interaction and visual design should be renewed. LeMill is not easy enough to use, neither attractive. LeMill should be simple and elegant. This would require the design to be more like HeiaHeia or Facebook than Wikipedia. In the interaction design we should use Web 2.0 GUI widgets. For instance, LeMill’s Browse content is a brilliant idea: you can set different kind of criteria and will find content depending on it. The current implementation, however, is clumsy: you must choose the criteria and then press “Show”. Choosing the criteria should be enough.

3. Search centric approach
The main reason for a user to visit LeMill is to find some useful content. Google have taught us to simply write the words we are looking for and expect that we will find something useful. We should serve users this way. In practice, this would require including our search field in a central location and redesigning the search results. The algorithms organizing the search results in LeMill are already pretty good, so also this would be more like a design issue.

4. Online status information and chat for the community
We currently have IRC chat in the LeMill community. Nobody is using it. I think, to build LeMill community we should have online status information (the Facebook style green and red dots) and easy to use chat to connect with people online. We could use, for instance, Olark – chat or some other third party service.

5. User dashboard
We already have email announcements telling users what has happen in among their groups or in the content they have contributed to. This same information – kind of personalized “whats going on” should be provided in a user’s dashboard.

If you are interested in to develop these features, please, contact us. LeMill is Open Source platform and we are happy to have more designers and developers in the team.

You will find more information about LeMill platform development from the development site. The LeMill blog is also good place to follow the project.

How to do the learning revolution?

Wednesday, May 26th, 2010

Not long time ago I wrote a post about a real learning revolution. I decided to elaborated it now a bit in light of Sir Ken Robinson’s latest TED talk Bring on the learning revolution!, even though, I actually agree with what Stephen Downes already said about the talk.

Anyway. Here is my advice for local and national decision makers to do the “learning revolution”, caused by the digital revolution. I am sure my “reforms” would payoff, exactly the way learning does: educated people are able to provide higher output, economically and culturally.

Public Libraries
Invest on public neighborhood libraries with (1) wide collection of different kind of reading materials (books, newspapers, magazines, electronic materials) and (2) public access to Internet: Wi-Fi and laptops. Do a marketing campaign about the libraries. Let people to know about the services of the libraries.

Basic Education
Guarantee universal (for all) high quality basic education: literacy, math, arts, music, civics, culture. Make sure you will have highly educated and motivated teachers, and seamless access to internet, Wi-Fi and laptops (in every classroom and in every space). Support the schools to have continues effort to develop their operations; pedagogy, school culture, workplace. Request all schools to publish their mission, vision and curriculum in their website and to have a blog with weekly updates about their work.

Higher Education
I think Universities are the liver of the society. Make sure that they will function. Research and higher education is there to renew things that should be renewed and protecting things that should be kept.

Network Connections
Guarantee that all the citizens will have inexpensive access (cheap and free) to Internet, network computers (mini laptops) and mobile phones. Make sure that there is competition that will work for the benefits of the consumer. The markets work only when there is true competition.

Media, Journalism and Free Speech
Guarantee public broadcasting media services (radio, TV, online) that are, as independent as possible, from the markets and the politics. Do not limit the public media to news. Politics, civics, culture, arts and music in a widest possible meaning — including cotemporary and independent pop culture — should be the core of the offering. A strong public media will help the commercial media to renew itself to meet the future challenges. This way the public media is a bit like a liver of the media field (compare to the Universities).

Online Content
Invest on free and reliable online reference and other educational content, like Open Educational Resources, Wikipedia and Wikimedia. Bring the content of museums and archives online (Wikimedia may help museums in this effort).

Online Learning
Support peer-to-peer online learning and teaching communities. The open education movement is fast moving to the direction where people are self-organizing themselves to learn together online. The P2PU is a good example of this. People learning new things is almost always good thing. Still, to avoid people to do “home chemistry”, it might be a good idea to provide people something a bit more “guided”.

Community Colleges
Support community colleges and open universities online and on campus. In addition to the online learning we also need the “traditional” community colleges. Still, one should help (and force) the community colleges to go online. In Finland, Otavan Opisto is a good example of a college that is strongly online (and on campus).

A long wish list? It is and it will cost a lot of money. A good thing is that it is not a risk investment. The economist know that these things have a high return of investment. It is true that to get the return for the investment may take some time — 10, 50 or 100 years — but it will come.

Design thinking and education

Sunday, May 23rd, 2010

The Nordic Conference on Activity Theory and the Fourth Finnish Conference on Cultural and Activity Research (FISCAR10) started today. This time the conference takes place at the Aalto University School of Art and Design.

The keynotes are video streamed online. The recording will be available in the same site, too.

The original home of the activity theory is in psychology (cultural-historical psychology) but people in the community have always moved across different disciplines. The theory has also achieved interest especially among such areas as education, organizational studies, work research and human-computer interaction.

This year — because of the location where the conference is taking place, I think — there are more design thinking in the air than probably ever before. Also the concept of combining art and design, economics, science and technology in the Aalto University is interesting when analyzed in light of the activity theory.

During the conference, I hope, we will have many discussions about design thinking and education, with emphasis on product design, artifact creation, architecture — on things that have concrete impact to people’s life.

It’s not the first time that “design” is discussed in the context of education and learning. One branch of learning science have present the idea or design-based research (Barab & Squire, 2004; The Design-Based Research Collective, 2003). In design-based research the aim is to do research with designed interventions into real-world educational, teaching and learning situations. In design-based research design interventions are a research method.

I think design-based research is missing some important aspects of design thinking. In design field the designs — artifacts, products, “things” — are the main outcome of the activity. The design process is creative and intentional activity of composition: “brining parts, pieces, functions, structures, processes and forms together n a such a way that they have a presence and make an appearance, particularly of unity, in the world” (Nelson & Stolterman, 2003). The designs (the “things”) are the change agents. They are concrete things that are changing our way of doing things.

For someone coming from the field of new media design the impact of tools and artifacts in human life and culture is obvious. People playing with new media and internet know that these things are changing the way we live our lives, socialize, communicate, work, love, hate, and learn.

The sad thing with the new media is that we easily take the tools and artifacts for granted, as something that just comes like a natural force. This is of course not true. There are people “designing” these things. They are driven by values, ideals and intentions. They are humans.

Design is communication. Design thinking is a skill of moderating design communication, deliberating different intentions and interests. But this is not enough. Design thinking is also an issue of leadership. When there is a request to deliver the “thing”, the designer must be able to do decisions. To get the thing done.

Here is a video nicely explaining how design process can go wrong.

OERs for All — Wikipedia Starts Offering Books

Monday, May 10th, 2010

In the free encyclopedia — the Wikipedia — there is a new feature and a service that allows anyone to create custom printed books from the Wikipedia content.

Users can create their own customized books from over 3 million articles in English Wikipedia by adding in to the book whatever article on whatever topic. The feature will, at some point in a future, be available in all the Wikipedia’s in more than 250 language.

The service provided by PediaPress, a partner of Wikipedia, will create out of your collection of articles a printed book and send it to you. You may, also just create a PDF out of your book, distribute it as a such or print it on your own.

So, what you could do with the Books out of Wikipedia content?

I think this is a great addition to the Open Education Resources (OER) offering. From the Wikipedia one may combine a learning materials (books) with selected content. For instance, I would love to see a book about history of New Media, multimedia programming, 3D design, or typography design.

I am going to do some books but would also love to see “your book” about these topics! More books — the better.

Some press:

Wikipedia And PediaPress Now Allow You To Create Books From Content In English

Wikipedia Now Lets You Order Printed Books